仪器类型 | 适用粒径区间 | 分散度统计优势 | 主要局限 | 参考标准 |
扫描电子显微镜 SEM | 10 nm‑5 μm | 直观观测团聚形貌,可统计团聚占比 | 样品需导电处理,批量统计耗时 | GB/T 43196‑2023 |
透射电子显微镜 TEM | 1‑200 nm | 分辨最小一次颗粒,适合超细粉体 | 制样难度高,观测视场范围小 | GB/T 45114‑2024 |
光学金相显微镜 | >200 nm | 制样简单,大视场快速筛查大团聚 | 无法观测百纳米以下一次颗粒 | JY/T 008‑2018 |
[1] GB/T 43196‑2023,纳米技术 扫描电子显微术测量纳米颗粒粒度及形状分布,全国标准信息公共服务平台,https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbDetailed?id=053404E3EE7A8F91E06397BE0A0A9209
[2] GB/T 45114‑2024,纳米技术 透射电子显微术测量纳米颗粒粒度及形状分布,全国标准信息公共服务平台,https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbDetailed?id=2AD0270638DA091BE06397BE0A0A2D62
[3] 全国纳米技术标准化技术委员会,纳米粉体质量风险评估报告,2026‑04
[4] 中国计量科学研究院,纳米颗粒显微测量制样技术白皮书,2026‑03200 nm"}}},"align":"","parent_id":"KVaffitGIdMZcmcBEPVlY34bymA","comments":[],"locked":false,"hidden":false,"folded":false}},"CHV9fiuxIdMM03c34hmbxFUZi22":{"id":"CHV9fiuxIdMM03c34hmbxFUZi22","snapshot":{"author":"7592327302017452999","children":["AiswfCJNPdU44fcfrrEaS3hvcxA"],"type":"table_cell","parent_id":"RRZ0f19krdFS57clyHQm08lltAF","comments":[],"revisions":[],"locked":false,"hidden":false}},"AiswfCJNPdU44fcfrrEaS3hvcxA":{"id":"AiswfCJNPdU44fcfrrEaS3hvcxA","snapshot":{"parent_id":"CHV9fiuxIdMM03c34hmbxFUZi22","author":"7592327302017452999","text":{"apool":{"nextNum":1,"numToAttrib":{"0":["author","7592327302017452999"]}},"initialAttributedTexts":{"text":{"0":"制样简单,大视场快速筛查大团聚"},"attribs":{"0":"*0+f"}}},"align":"","folded":false,"type":"text","revisions":[],"locked":false,"hidden":false,"children":[],"comments":[]}},"CqyGfGT7ldyJLSc4anwaHKU3oin":{"id":"CqyGfGT7ldyJLSc4anwaHKU3oin","snapshot":{"hidden":false,"author":"7592327302017452999","children":["SIU1f8gijdruFRcX79gkuxEJsRV"],"type":"table_cell","parent_id":"RRZ0f19krdFS57clyHQm08lltAF","comments":[],"revisions":[],"locked":false}},"SIU1f8gijdruFRcX79gkuxEJsRV":{"id":"SIU1f8gijdruFRcX79gkuxEJsRV","snapshot":{"type":"text","parent_id":"CqyGfGT7ldyJLSc4anwaHKU3oin","comments":[],"author":"7592327302017452999","text":{"apool":{"nextNum":1,"numToAttrib":{"0":["author","7592327302017452999"]}},"initialAttributedTexts":{"attribs":{"0":"*0+d"},"text":{"0":"无法观测百纳米以下一次颗粒"}}},"folded":false,"revisions":[],"locked":false,"hidden":false,"children":[],"align":""}},"VosHfR5jmdpBOQc4bcpfwHPPkY4":{"id":"VosHfR5jmdpBOQc4bcpfwHPPkY4","snapshot":{"author":"7592327302017452999","children":["ExHRf6bgodyBJOcV1elcvzzAiAK"],"type":"table_cell","parent_id":"RRZ0f19krdFS57clyHQm08lltAF","comments":[],"revisions":[],"locked":false,"hidden":false}},"ExHRf6bgodyBJOcV1elcvzzAiAK":{"id":"ExHRf6bgodyBJOcV1elcvzzAiAK","snapshot":{"comments":[],"revisions":[],"author":"7592327302017452999","text":{"apool":{"nextNum":1,"numToAttrib":{"0":["author","7592327302017452999"]}},"initialAttributedTexts":{"attribs":{"0":"*0+d"},"text":{"0":"JY/T 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